Chapter 1: Arjuna Vishada Yoga: Arjuna's Dilemma
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Dhritaraashtra uvaacha:
dharma-kshetre kuru-kshetre samavetaa yuyutsavah maamakaah paandavaas chaiva kim akurvata sanjaya 1.1
Dhritaraashtra: Dhritarashtra; uvaacha: said; dharma-kshetre: in the place of righteousness; kuru-kshetre: in this location of Kurukshetra; samavetaa: gathered; yuyutsavah: desiring to fight; maamakaah: my people; paandavah: the sons of Pandu; cha: and; eva: also; kim: what; akurvata: did they do; sanjaya: O Sanjaya
1.1 King Dhritarashtra asked: O Sanjaya, on this righteous location of Kurukshetra, what did my sons and those of Pandu ready to fight, do?
sanjaya uvaacha:
drshtvaa tu paandavaaneekam vyoodham duryodhanas tadaa aachaaryam upasangamya raajaa vachanam abraveet 1.2
Sanjaya: Sanjaya; uvaacha: said; drshtvaa: having seen; tu: indeed ; paandavaaneekam: the Pandava army; vyoodham: arranged in formation; duryodhanah: Duryodhana; tadaa: then; aachaaryam: the teacher; upasangamya: approaching ; raajaa: the king; vachanam: words; abraveet: said
1.2 Sanjaya said: O King, looking at the Pandava army in full formation, Duryodhana went to his teacher and spoke.
pashyaitaam paandu-putraanaam aachaarya mahateem chamoom vyoodhaam drupada-putrena tava shishyena dheemataa 1.3
pashya: behold; etam: this; pandu-putraanaam: of the sons of Pandu; aachaarya: O teacher; mahateem: great; chamoom: army; vyoodham: formed; drupada-putrena: by the son of Drupada; tava: your; shishyena: by disciple; dheemataa: intelligent
1.3 O my teacher, behold the great army of the sons of Pandu, arrayed for battle by your intelligent disciple, the son of Drupada.
atra shooraa maheshvaasaa Bhima-arjuna-samaa yudhi yuyudhaano viraatas cha drupadas cha mahaarathah 1.4
atra: here; shooraa: heroes; mahaa-ishu-asaa: mighty archers; Bhima-arjuna: Bhima and Arjuna; samaa: equal; yudhi: in battle; yuyudhaanah: Yuyudhana; viratah: Virata; cha: and; drupadah: Drupada; cha: and; mahaarathah: great charioteers
1.4 Here in this army there are many heroes wielding mighty bows, and equal in military prowess to Bhima and Arjuna - Yuyudhaana, Virata, and the great chariot warrior Drupada.
dhrshtaketus chekitaanah kaashiraajas cha veeryavaan purujit kuntibhojas cha shaibyas cha nara-pungavah 1.5
dhrshtaketuh: Dhrshtaketu; chekitaanah: Chekitaana; kaashiraajah: Kaasiraaja; cha: and; veeryavaan: courageous; purujit: Purujit; kuntibhojah: Kuntibhoja; cha: and; shaibyah: Saibya; cha: and; nara-pungavah: best of men
1.5 There are courageous warriors like Dhrshtaketu, Chekitana, Kasiraja, Purujit, Kuntibhoja and Saibya, the best of men.
yudhaamanyus cha vikraanta uttamaujaas cha veeryavaan saubhadro draupadeyaas chasarva eva maha-rathaah 1.6
yudhaamanyuh:Yudhamanyu; cha: and; vikraantah: mighty; uttamaujaah: Uttamauja; cha: and; veerya-vaan: brave; saubhadrah: the son of Subhadra; draupadeyah: the sons of Draupadi; cha: and; sarve: all; eva: certainly; maha-rathaah: great chariot fighters.
1.6 There are the mighty Yudhamanyu, the brave Uttamauja, Abhimanyu, the son of Subhadra and the sons of Draupadi, all of them great chariot warriors.
asmaakam tu vishishtaa yetaan nibodha dvijottama naayakaa mama sainyasya samjnaartham taan braveemi te 1.7
asmaakam: our; tu: also; vishishtaa: important; ye: who; taan: those; nibodha: know; dvija-uttama: the best of the Brahmanas; naayakaah: leaders; mama: my; sainyasya: of the army; samjna-artham: for information; taan: them; braveemi: I speak; te: to you.
1.7 O best of the Brahmanas, know them also, who are the principal warriors on our side – the generals of my army; for your information I mention them. 1.7
bhavaan Bhishmas cha karnas cha krpas cha samitim-jayah asvatthaama vikarnas chasaumadattis tathaiva cha 1.8
bhavaan: your self; Bhishmah: Grandfather Bhishma; cha: and; karnah: Karna; cha: and; krpah: Krpa; cha: and; samitim-jayah: victorious in war; asvatthaama: Asvatthaama; vikarnah: Vikarna; cha: and; saumadattihi: the son of Somadatta; tathaa: thus as; eva: only; cha: and
1.8 They are yourself, Bhishma, Karna, Krupa who is ever victorious in battle and even so Asvatthama, Vikarna and the son of Somadatta. 1.8
anye cha bahavah shooraa mad-arthe tyakta-jeevitaah naanaa-shastra praharanaah sarve yuddha-vishaaradaah 1.9
anye: many others; cha: also; bahavah: in great numbers; shoorah: heroes; mat-arthe: for my sake; tyakta-jeevitaah: prepared to risk life; naanaa: many; shastra: weapons; praharanaah: equipped with; sarve: all of them; yuddha: battle; vishaaradaah: experienced in military science.
1.9 There are many other heroes who are prepared to lay down their lives for my sake. All of them are well equipped with different kinds of weapons, and all are experienced in military science.
aparyaaptam tad asmaakam balam Bhishmaabhirakhsitam paryaaptam tu idam eteshaam balam Bhimaabhirakshitam 1.10
aparyaaptam: unlimited; tat: that; asmaakam: of ours; balam: strength; Bhishmaabhirakshitam: protected by Bhishma; paryaaptam: limited; tu: but; idam: all this; eteshaam: their; balam: strength; Bhimaabhirakshitam: protected by Bhima
1.10 This army of ours protected by Bhishma is invincible whereas their army protected by Bhima is conquerable.
ayaneshu cha sarveshu yathaa-bhaagam avasthitaah Bhishmam eva abhirakshantu bhavantah sarva eva hi 1.11
ayaneshu: in the divisions ; cha: and; sarveshu: everywhere; yathaabhaagam: as per the divisions; avasthitaah: situated; Bhishmam: to Bhisma; eva: alone; abhirakshantu: protect; bhavantah: you; sarve: all; eva: only; hi: indeed
1.11 Stationed in your respective divisions on all fronts, all of you must give full protection to Bhishma.
tasya sanjanayan harsham kuru-vrddhah pitaamahah simha-naadam vinadyocchaihi shankham dadhmau prataapavaan 1.12
tasya: his; sanjanayan: causing; harsham: joy; kuru-vrddhah: old man of the Kuru dynasty; pitaamahah: the grandfather; simha-naadam: lion's roar; vinadya: causing to sound; ucchaihi: loudly; shankham: conch; dadhmau: blew; prataapavaan: mighty
1.12 Then Bhishma, the grand old man of the Kuru dynasty, their glorious grandfather, roared like a lion and blew his conch, giving Duryodhana joy.
tatah shankhaas cha bheryas cha panavaanaka-gomukhaah sahasaiva abhyahanyanta sa shabdas tumulo 'bhavat 1.13
tatah: then; shankhaah: conches; cha: and; bheryah cha panava-anaka: drums, bugles, horns and trumpets; gomukhaah: cow horns; sahasaiva: quite suddenly
abhyahanyanta: blared; sah: that; shabdah: sound; tumulah: tumultuous;
abhavat: became
1.14 Then, conches, bugles, trumpets, drums and horns were all suddenly sounded, and the combined sound was tumultuous.
tatah shvetair hayair yukte mahati syandane sthitau maadhavah paandavas chaiva divyau shankhau pradadhmatuhu 1.14
tatah: then; shvetaih: by white; hayaih: horses; yukte: being yoked; mahati: magnificent; syandane: chariot; sthitau: seated; maadhavah: Madhava, Shree Krishna; paandavah: son of Pandu; cha: and; eva: only; divyau: divine; shankhau: conches; pradadhmatuhu: blew
1.14 Then, seated on a magnificent chariot drawn by white horses, both Krishna and Arjuna sounded their divine conches.
paanchajanyam hrsheekesho devadattam dhananjayah paundram dadhmau mahaa-shankham Bhima-karmaa vrkodarah 1.15
paanchajanyam: the conch named Panchajanya; hrsheekaeeshah: Hrsheekesha, one who directs the senses; devadattam: the conch named Devadatta; dhanam-jayah: Dhananjaya, the winner of wealth; paundram: the conch named Paundra; dadhmau: blew; mahaa-shankham: the great conch; Bhima-karmaa: one who performs terrible tasks; vrka-udarah: one with the belly of a wolf
1.15 Then, Krishna blew His conch, called Pancajanya; Arjuna blew his, called Devadatta; and Bhima blew his mighty conch called Paundra.
anantavijayam raaja kuntee-putro yudhishthirah nakulah sahadevas cha sughosha-manipushpakau 1.16
kaashyas cha parameshvaasah shikhandee cha mahaa-rathah dhrshtadyumno viraatas cha saatyakis cha aparaajitah 1.17
drupado draupadeyaas cha sarvashah prthivee-pate saubhadras cha mahaa-baahuhu shankhaan dadhmuhu prthak prthak 1.18
ananta-vijayam: the conch named Ananta-vijaya; raaja: the king; kunteeputrah: the son of Kunti; yudhisthirah:
Yudhishthira; nakulah: Nakula; sahadevah: Sahadeva; cha: and; sughosha-manipushpakau: the conches named Sughosha and Manipushpaka; kaashyah: the King of Kasi (Varanasi); cha: and; parama-isu-asah: the great archer; shikhandee: Shikhandi; cha: and; mahaarathah: great chariot warrior; dhrshtadyumnah: Dhrstadyumna ; viraatah: Virata; cha: and; saatyaki: Saatyaki; cha: and; aparaajitah: invincible; drupadah: Drupada; draupadeyaah: the sons of Draupadi; cha: also; sarvashah: all; prthivee-pate: King of the Earth; saubhadrah: the son of Subhadra (Abhimanyu); cha: and; mahaa-baahuh: mighty-armed; shankhaan: conches; dadhmuhu blew; prthak prthak: severally
1.16, 17, 18 King Yudhisthira, the son of Kunti, blew his conch, the Anantavijaya, and Nakula and Sahadeva blew theirs known as Sughosha and Manipushpaka. The excellent archer, the King of Kasi, the great chariot-fighter Sikhandi, Dhrstadyumna, Virata and the invincible Satyaki, Drupada, the sons of Draupadi, and the mighty-armed Abhimanyu, son of Subhadra, all of them O King, blew their own conches.
sa ghosho dhaartaraashtraanaam hrdayaani vyadaarayat nabhas cha prthiveem chaiva tumulo vyanunaadayan 1.19
sah: that; ghoshah: uproar; dhaartaraashtraanaam: of the sons of Dhritharashtra; hrdayaani: hearts; vyadaarayat: broke; nabhah: the sky; cha: and; prthiveem: the earth; cha: and; eva: only; tumulah: tumultous; vyanunaadayan: resounding