वेमं स्वजनं कृष्ण युयुत्स् सम्पस्थितम् ।।१.२८।। सीदन्ति मम गात्राणि मूखं च परिशृष्यति।
Arjuna: Arjuna; uvaacha: said; drshtva: after seeing; imam: all these; sva-janam: kinsmen; krsna: Krishna; yuyutsum: all eager to do battle; samupasthitam: arranged in form; seedanti: fail; mama: my; gaatraani: limbs; mukham: mouth; cha: and; parishushyati: is parching
arjuna uvaacha:
drshtvemam sva-janam krshna quyutsum samupasthitam seedanti mama gaatraani mukham cha parishushyati
वेपथुश्च शरीरे मे रोमहर्षश्च जायते। गाण्डीवं स्रंसते हस्तात्त्वक्चैव परिदह्यते।
vepathus cha shareere me roma-harshas cha jaayate gaandeevam sramsate hastaattvak chaiva paridahyate
vepathuh: trembling; cha: and; shareere: in body; me: my; roma-harshah: hair standing on end; cha: and; jaayate: happens; gaandeevam: Gaandiva; sramsate: slips; hastaat: from the hands; tvak: skin; cha: and; eva: only; paridahyate: is burning
Arjuna said: Krishna, seeing my friends and relatives present before me, eager to wage war, my limbs are giving way, my mouth is parching and a shiver is running through my body, my hair is standing on end.
न च शक्नोम्यवस्थात् भ्रमतीव च मे मनः।।१.३०।। निमित्तानि च पश्यामि विपरीतानि केशव ।
na cha shaknomi avasthaatum bhramateeva cha me manah nimittaani cha pashyaami vipareetaani keshava
na: not; cha: and; shaknomi: am able; avasthaatum: to stand; bhramati: whirling iva: as; cha: and; me: my; manah: mind; nimittaani: portents; cha: also; pashyaami: I see; vipareetaani: just the opposite; keshava: O Kesava, killer of demon Kesin
My bow Gandiva is slipping from my hands and my skin is burning all over. My mind is whirling as it were, and I am now unable to stand here any longer.
न च श्रेयोऽन्रपश्यामि हत्वा स्वजनमाहवे।।१.३१।। न काङक्षे विजयं कृष्ण न च राज्यं सूखानि च।
na cha shreyo 'nupashyaami hatvaa sva-janam aahave na kaankshe vijayam krshna na cha raajyam sukhaani cha
na: not; cha: and; shreyah: good; anupashyaami: I see; hatvaa: after killing; sva-janam: own kinsmen; aahave: in battle; na: not; kaankshe: I desire; vijayam: victory; krishna: O Krishna; na: not; cha: and; raajyam: kingdom; sukhaani: pleasures; cha: and
I foresee only evil omens, O Krishna; I do not see any good coming out of killing one's own kinsmen in this battle. I do not covet my dear Krishna, victory or kingdom or pleasures.
किं नो राज्येन गोविन्द किं भोगैर्जीवितेन वा।
kim no raajyena govinda kim bhogair jeevitena vaa
kim: what; nah: to us; raajyena: by kingdom; govinda: Govinda; kim: what; bhogair: by pleasures; jeevitena: life; vaa: or
Of what use will kingdom or happiness or even life be to us?
येषामर्थे काङक्षितं नो राज्यं भोगाः सूखानि च। त इमेऽवस्थिता युद्धे प्राणांस्त्यक्त्वा धनानि च।।१.३३।।
yeshaam arthe kaankshitam noraajyam bhogaah sukhaani cha ta ime 'vasthitaa yuddhe praanaans tyaktvaa dhanaani cha
yeshaam: for whose; arthe: sake; kaankshitam: desired; nah: by us; raajyam: kingdom; bhogaah: enjoyment; sukhaani: happiness; cha: and; te: they; ime: these; avasthitaah: stand; yuddhe: in battle; praanaan: lives; tyaktvaa: giving up; dhanaani: wealth; cha: and
For whose sake we desire this kingdom, enjoyment and happiness, they stand in battle staking their lives and property.
आचार्याः पितरः पुत्रास्तथैव च पितामहाः । मात्रलाः श्वशूराः पौत्राः श्यालाः सम्बन्धिनस्तथा |
aacharyaah pitarah putraastathaiva cha pitaamahaah maatulaah shvashuraah pautraaha shyaalaah sambandhinas tathaa
aachaaryaah: teachers; pitarah: fathers; putraah: sons; tathaa eva: like that; cha: and; pitaamahaah: grandfathers; maatulaah: maternal uncles; shvashuraah: fathers-in-law; pautraaha: grandsons; shyaalaah: brothers-in-law; sambandhinah: relatives; tathaa: as well as
Teachers, fathers, sons as well as grandfathers, maternal uncles, fathers-in-law, grandsons, brothers-inlaw and other relatives.
एतान्न हन्तुमिच्छामि घ्नतोऽपि मधुसुदन। अपि त्रैलोक्यराज्यस्य हेतोः किं नु महीकृते ।
etaan na hantum icchaami ghnato 'pi madhusoodana api trailokya-raajyasya hetoh kim nu mahee-krte
etaan: these; na: not; hantum: for killing; icchaami: I wish; ghnatah: killed; api: even; madhusoodana: O killer of the demon Madhu; api: even; trai-lokya: of the three worlds; raajyasya: of the kingdoms; hetoh: in exchange; kim: what; nu: then; mahee-krte: for the sake of the earth
Madhusudhana (Krishna), even if I am killed (by them) I do not want to kill these ones even to gain control of all three worlds, much less for the earthly lordship.
निहत्य धार्तराष्ट्रान्नः का प्रीतिः स्याज्जनार्दन। पापमेवाश्रयेदस्मान्हत्वैतानाततायिनः ।।
nihatya dhaartaraashtraan nah kaa preetihi syaat janaardana paapam evaashrayed asmaanhatvaitaan aatataayinah
nihatya: after slaying; dhaartaraashtraan: sons of Dhritharashtra; nah: to us; kaa: what; preetihi: pleasure; syaat: may be; janaardana: janaardana; paapam: sins; eva: only; aashrayet: will take hold; asmaan: us; hatvaa: after killing; etaan: these; aatataayinah: wrong-doers
What pleasure will we get by destroying the sons of Dhritharashtra, Janardana? Only sin will overcome us if we slay these wrong doers.
तस्मान्नार्हा वयं हन्तुं धार्तराष्ट्रान्स्वबान्धवान। स्वजनं हि कथं हत्वा सूखिनः स्याम माधव ।
tasmaan naarhaa vayam hantum dhaartaraashtraan svabaandhavaan sva-janam hi katham hatvaa sukhinah syaama maadhava
tasmaat: therefore; na: not; arhah: justified; vayam: we; hantum: to kill; dhaartaraashtraan: the sons of Dhritharashtra; svabaandhavaan: our friends; sva-janam: kinsmen; hi: for; katham: how; hatvaa: after killing; sukhinah: happy; syaama: may be; maadhava: O Madhava (Krishna)
Therefore, it is not proper for us to kill the sons of Dhritharashtra and our relations, for how could we be happy after killing our own kinsmen, Madhava?
यद्यप्येते न पश्यन्ति लोभोपहतचेतसः । कुलक्षयकृतं दोषं मित्रद्रोहे च पातकम् ।
yadyapi ete na pashyanti lobhopahata-chetasah kula-kshaya-krtam dosham mitra-drohe cha paatakam
yadyapi: if; ete: these; na: not; pahsyanti: see; lobha: greed; upahata: overtaken; chetasah: intelligence; kula-kshaya: in killing the race; krtam: done; dosham: fault; mitra-drohe: treason to friends; cha: and; paatakam: sin
O Janardana, these men, blinded by greed, see no fault in killing one's family or being treasonable to friends, incur sin.
कथं न ज्ञेयमस्माभिः पापादरस्मान्निवर्तितुम । कुलक्षयकुतं दोषं प्रपश्यदभिर्जनार्दन।।
katham na jneyam asmaabhiha paapaad asmaan nivartitum kula-kshaya-krtam dosham prapashyadbhir janaardana
katham: why; na: not; jneyam: to be understood; asmaabhih: by us; paapaat: from sins; asmaat: from this; nivartitum: to turn away; kula-kshaya krtam: destruction of a dynasty; dosham: evil; prapashyadbhih: by the discerning; janaardana: Janardana (Krishna)
Why should we, who clearly see the sin in the destruction of a dynasty, not turn away from this crime?
कलक्षये प्रणश्यन्ति कूलधर्माः सनातनाः । रुलं कृत्रन्नमधर्मोऽभिभवत्युत ।
kula-kshaye pranashyanti kula-dharmaah sanaatanaah dharme nashte kulam krtsnam adharmo 'bhibhavaty uta
kula-kshaye: in destroying the family; pranashyanti: perish; kula-dharmaah: the family traditions; sanaatanaah: age-old; dharma: virtue; nashte: destroyed; kulam: family; krtsnam: whole; adharmah: non-righteousness; abhibhavati: overtakes; uta: and
With the destruction of the dynasty, the age-old family traditions die and virtue having been lost, vice overtakes the entire race.
अधर्माभिभवात्कृष्ण प्रदुष्यन्ति कुलस्त्रियः । स्त्रीषु दुष्टास् वार्ष्णेय जायते वर्णसङ्करः।।
adharmaa bhibhavaat krsna pradushyanti kula-striyah streeshu dushtaasu vaarshneya jaayate varna-sankarah
adharma: non-righteousness; abhibhavaat: from the preponderance; krsna: O Krishna; pradushyanti: become corrupt; kula-striyah: family women; streeshu dushtaasu: when women become corrupt; vaarshneya: O Varshneya (Krishna); jaayate: arises; varna-sankarah: intermixture of castes
When non-righteous practices become common, O Krishna, the women of the family become corrupt, and with the degradation of womanhood, O Descendant of Vrshni, ensues intermixture of castes.
सङकरो नरकायैव कुलघ्नानां कुलस्य च । पतन्ति पितरो ह्येषां लप्तपिण्डोदकक्रियाः।।
sankaro narakaayaiva kula-ghnaanam kulasya cha patanti pitaro hy eshaam lupta-pindodaka-kriyaah
sankarah: mixture; narakaaya: for hell; eva: only; kula-ghnaanaam: of the killers of the family; kulasya: of the family; cha: and; patanti: fall; pitarah: forefathers; hi: also; eshaam: their; lupta: deprived; pinda: offering of rice to the departed souls; udaka: water; kriyaah: performances
दोषैरेतैः कुलघ्नानां वर्णसङ्करकारकैः। उत्साद्यन्ते जातिधर्माः कुलधर्माश्च शाश्वताः ।
doshair etaih kula-ghnaanaam varna-sankara-kaarakaihi utsaadyante jaati-dharmaah kula-dharmaas cha shaashvataah
doshaih: by evil deeds; etaih: these; kula-ghnaanaam: of the destroyer of the family; varna-sankara: mixture of castes; kaarakaih: by the doers; utsaadyante: are destroyed; jaati-dharmaah: caste rituals; kula-dharmaah: family traditions; cha: and; shaashvataah: age-old
Admixture of blood damns the destroyers of race and the race itself. Deprived of offering of oblations of rice and water the departed souls of the race also fall, the age-long caste traditions and family customs of the killers of kinsmen become extinct.
उत्सन्नकलधर्माणां मनष्याणां जनार्दन। नरकेऽनियतं वासो भवतीत्यनुश्श्र्म्रम् ।।
utsanna-kula-dharmaanaam manushyaanaam janaardana narake niyatam vaaso bhavateety anushushruma
utsanna: spoiled; kula-dharmaanaam: of those who have the family traditions; manushyaanaam: of such men; janaardana: O Krshna; narake: in hell; aniyatam: always; vaasah: residence; bhavati: becomes; iti: thus; anushushruma: we hear
O Janardana, we hear that those who have lost family traditions dwell in hell for an indefinite period of time.
अहो बत महत्पापं कर्तुं व्यवसिता वयम। यद्राज्यसूखलोभेन हन्तुं स्वजनमुद्यताः । I
aho bata mahat paapam kartum vyavasitaa vayam yad raajya-sukha-lobhena hantum sva-janam udyataah
aho bata: alas; mahat: great; paapam: sins; kartum: to do; vyavasitaah: prepared; vayam: we; yat: that; raajya: kingdom; sukha-lobhena: by greed for kingdom; hantum: to kill; sva-janam: kinsmen; udyataah: prepared
Alas, we are prepared to commit greatly sinful acts of killing our kinsmen, driven by the desire to enjoy royal happiness.
यदि मामप्रतीकारमश्रशस्त्रं शस्त्रपाणयः । धार्तराष्ट्रा रणे हन्यूस्तन्मे क्षेमतरं भवेत
yadi maam aprateekaaram ashastram shastra-paanayah dhaartaraashtraa rane hanyustan me kshemataram bhavet
yadi: if; maam: me; aprateekaaram: not resistant; ashastram: unarmed; shastra-paanayah: with weapons in hand; dhaartaraashtraah: the sons of Dhritharashtra; rane: in the battle; hanyuh: may kill; tat: that; me: mine; kshema-taram: better; bhavet: will be
It would be better if the sons of Dhritharashtra, armed with weapons, killed me in battle while I am unarmed and unresisting.
सञ्जयं उवाचः
एवमक्त्वाऽर्जनः संख्ये रथोपरथ उपाविशत । विसुज्य संशरं चापं शोकसंविग्नमानसः ।
sanjaya uvaacha:
evam uktvaarjunah sankhye rathopastha upaavishat visrjya sa-sharam chaapam shoka-samvigna-maanasah
sanjaya: Sanjaya; uvaacha: said; evam: thus; uktvaa: having said; arjunah: Arjuna; sankhye: in the battle field; ratha: chariot; upasthe: at the rear side; upaavishat: sat down; visrjya: having cast aside; sa-sharam: with the arrow; chaavam: the bow; shoka: sorrow; samvigna: distressed; maanasah: with a mind
Sanjaya said: Arjuna, whose mind was agitated by grief on the battle field, having spoken thus, cast aside his bow along with the arrow and sat down at the rear portion of the chariot.
Vasudeva Sutam Devam Kamsa Chaanura Mardanam Devaki Paramaanandam Krishnam Vande Jagadgurum
I salute you Lord Krishna, Teacher to the World, son of Vasudeva and supreme bliss of Devaki, destroyer of Kamsa and Chanura
commentary by THE SUPREME PONTIFF OF HINDUISM BHAGAWAN SRI NITHYANANDA PARAMASHIVAM
Shastras, stotras, subras - chaoter 1
Why are we here? What is the point of what we do in our lives? Will our actions bring us success or failure? How can we become spiritually mature and integrated individuals?
Thousands of years have passed since Krishna counseled Ariuna on these timeless issues on the battlefields of ancient Bharat. THE SUPREME PONTIFF OF HINDUISM BHAGAWAN SRI NITHYANANDA PARAMASHIVAM brings to life His very words, with great inspiration and practical guidance to transform our lives as Krishna did for Arjuna.
In this book for the modern mind, THE SUPREME PONTIFF OF HINDUISM BHAGAWAN SRI NITHYANANDA PARAMASHIVAM expresses the truths of the first chapter of the great Bhagavad Gita, traditionally called 'Arjuna's Dilemma'. He teaches seekers that simple awareness of the truth can lead to the ultimate transformation needed for real success in life.