LISS CURRICULUM🔗

November: Week –2 Alphabets of the Month: U, V, W, X, Y, Z

Topic: Discuss about brain, heart and their importance.

Vocabulary: Head, brain, heart.

Material required: Picture book, model of a heart and brain, flash cards.

Presentation:

● Show them the picture of brain; point out the location of brain. Explain in details about the functions of brain like how we think, act only because of brain.

· Encourage the children to touch the cotton ball, explain them how soft and delicate it is. In this manner our human brain is very delicate and it has to be protected, so it is placed in the skull. Ask the children to touch and texture of the skull.

• Brain is made of nerve cells called neurons.
• Using flash card, show the children picture of heart.
• Now talk in detail about heart.
• Heart is a vital organ in our body.
• It pumps blood to all other organs in our body.
• · It is red in color; the size of heart is equal to the size of our fist.
• Our body is divided in to head, thorax and abdomen. Heart and lungs are in the thorax region.
• · We cannot see our heart since it is inside and protected safely in the rib cage.
• · Ask the children to jump for a minute and then check the heart beat using stethoscope.
• · When we run, jog, jump, dance etc our heart beats fast. The rhythm of the heart beat is lub dub.
• · The doctors use a stethoscope to check the heat. We can feel the pulse point located near the wrist,

Assessment:

• · Where is our brain located?
• · What is the function of the brain?
• · Where do you store knowledge?
• Which part of the body helps you with the answer when we ask you a question?
• · What is the brain made up of?
• · Which is the top most part of the body?
• · What is the color of the heart?
• · Can we see the heart?
• Can we feel the heart beat?
• What is the use of stethoscope?
• · Who uses stethoscope?
• When does your heart beats faster?
• · What is the function of your heart?

Closing: Recollect the subject with the children. Review the details, talk about the heart.

Evaluation: Expressive and receptive language skills, knowledge about the topic. Children are asked to feel the heart beats of their friends with the stethoscope.

Topic: Discuss about lungs, liver, intestines and importance of stomach.

Vocabulary: Lungs, liver, intestine, stomach

Material required: Picture book or model of lungs, liver, intestine and stomach.

Presentation:

• · Liver has many functions, including turning digested food into blood proteins.
• Bile juices from liver and digestive juices from pancreas containing proteins called enzymes which helps in breaking down of our food into separate nutrients.
• Intestine is of two types: small intestine. Broken down food mixed with enzymes in stomach is passed in to the tube called small intestine which has many finger like projections absorb nutrients and sent it to blood.
• Foods which are undigested are sent to large intestine, where waste is turned solid and it is sent out of our body through rectum and anus.
• Discuss that when we eat food the teeth breaks up the food into very small parts so it becomes easy to swallow. That is the reason why we need to chew the food nicely so the stomach can easily digest the food.
• Then it goes to our food pipe or esophagus and in to our stomach. Here it breaks down in to smaller parts and the juices are absorbed by small and large intestines. In this way the body obtains nutrition and energy. We need nutrition to build our bones, skin and muscle.
• · Discuss about practicing good nutritional food habits.
• · Show the pictures and point out to the windpipe and lungs.
• When we breathe in air, it goes down to the windpipe and into the lungs.
• · We have two lungs, one on the right and one on the left side.
• · These vital organs like heart and lungs are placed in ribcage since it is delicate.
• Show the X-ray and point where heart and lungs are situated.

Assessment:

• How many liver do we have?
• · What is the function of the small intestine?
• · What is the function of the liver?
• · Where the waste food is sent?
• · Can we see our stomach?
• What happens when we eat too spicy or hot food? (we can feel it in our stomach).
• · What is the function of your lungs?
• · Can we see our lungs? How many lungs do we have?
• · What is breathing?

Closing: Recollect the subject and explain again if needed.

Evaluation: Expressive and receptive language skills. Pre math skills

Topic: Discuss about muscles, skeleton, skin.

Vocabulary: muscle, relax, skin, and feel.

Material required: Flash cards, picture book and samples of different texture.

Presentation:

• · Show the muscles and talk about the importance of muscles.
• Discuss in detail about skeleton.
• · The skeleton is a set of bones, skeleton system is important for movement.

● Infants have around 300 bones as they grow some of the bones and an adult skeleton is made up of 206 bones. It supports our body. They protect our vital organs. Our bones help us to stand upright, sit.

• · Muscles are like cushion which covers the skeletal system.
• · They allow us to move and give us strength. More than six hundred muscles are there in our body.
• · In order to help us to move, our muscles contract and relax over and again.
• We have muscles throughout our body.
• Talk about skin. sense of touch.
• · Skin is the outer covering of our body. We feel through our skin.
• · Ask the children to compare different textures and discuss sharp, soft, hard, sticky etc.
• · The sense of touch is called tactile, and this sense helps us to feel in a variety of ways. We can enjoy the smooth feel of satin, prickly grass, or even rough sand
• Our tactile sense also helps us to be careful, if the water in the bathtub is too hot or warm for us.
• We have to do lot of physical exercises to keep ourselves fit.

Assessment:

• · Can we see our muscles?
• · Why is warming up required before yoga or an exercise?
• · What are muscles?
• · Why are muscles important?
• · What happens if we don't have muscles?
• · How do you feel when vou touch cotton?
• · What is the tactile sense?
• · How do you know when something is too hot? Can you smell heat?
• · Why is skin so important?
• · What happens if we don't have any pain? (We will hurt us badly).
• · What protects our organs?
• · What is skeletal system? How many bones do we have?
• · What are the functions of skeletal system?
• What all do we need to eat to get strong bones?

Closing: To make them understand about the importance of muscles and skin.

Evaluation: Expressive and receptive language skills. Gross motor skills.

Extension: Blind fold the children, feel different textures or substance like ice and match them. They can close their fist tightly for few seconds and relax it

Topic: Talk about blood, its color and importance

Vocabulary: Blood, red blood cells, white blood cells, fluid, flows, blood vessels, platelets, hemoglobin, veins, arteries, oxygen, nutrients, etc

Material required: Picture book, straws, red water color (or) a model

Presentation:

• Encourage children to look at their veins on wrist.
• Blood is the red fluid which carries oxygen, nutrients, chemicals to heart and it flows to all parts of our body cells that are required to survive. It also washes away all the waste products, including carbon-dioxide.
• Our blood has three main things mixed; they are red blood cells and platelets. Red blood cells are button-shaped red color cell which has protein rich in Iron called Hemoglobin that gives the blood red color.
• White blood cells plays an important role in body's defense against diseases. White blood cells swallow germs.
• Platelets help in clotting and healing if there is a cut or hurt.
• Blood flows through the veins, arteries which are the blood vessels. Large blood vessels are called Arteries.
• Arteries carry pure blood and veins carry impure blood. Each human being has average of 5 ½ liters of blood in the body.

Assessment:

• · What is the color of our blood?
• · Which part of our body pumps blood? (Heart)
• · How hurt heals by itself?
• · Our blood be solid or liquid?
• Why is blood so important for our body?
• · Why blood is red in color?
• · What happens if blood is not flowing to the heart? (Heart will stop pumping)

Closing: Recollect information about the blood and importance of blood

Evaluation: Evaluate their expressive language skills by asking questions, how well they answer and evaluate their knowledge about the topic.

Extension: Children can try experiments using straws and red colored water and observe how blood flows through the body.

Topic: Talk about kidney and its importance

Vocabulary: Kidney, bean shaped, regulate, body fluid, filter, urinary bladder, urine, toxic, chemicals, excess, liquid, waste, disposal etc

Material required: Picture book and model of kidney

Presentation:

• Encourage children showing the model of kidney and explain about it.
• Kidneys are two bean shaped organ in the middle of the back. It filters blood and regulates our body fluid, salt level.
• Urinary bladder is the bag where urine, our body's liquid waste is filled and we empty it by urinating.
• Our body's extra liquid, toxic chemicals is filtered by our kidney and sent out of our body as urine.

Assessment:

• What is the shape of our kidney?
• How many kidneys do we have?
• Where is our kidney located?
• What is the function of our kidney?
• · Where is the liquid waste sent after filtering blood?
• · How waste liquid is sent out of our body?

Closing: Recollect the information about kidney and its importance

Evaluation: Evaluate their cognitive skills, language expressive, receptive skills and pre-math skills or make design or write something on the balloon.

Skills developed: Sensory skills, eye hand coordination, fine motor skills, pre- writing